55. "Ungaria și Atila" ("Hungary and Attila"), by Nicolae Olahus, editio princeps, Vienna, 1763

Nicolaus Olahus (1493-1568), a humanist, historiographer and scholar of Romanian origin, who activated in the Kingdom of Hungary, having the title of Archbishop of Esztergom (in Latin Strigonium), a regent of Hungary and then a governor of the country. In 1542, Nicolaus Olahus started his career in politics. Two decades later, in the year 1562, he became Archbishop of Strigonium and thereby a primacy of the Catholic Church in the kingdom of Hungary. In this capacity, he was later appointed governor of the Western Hungarian territories, controlled by the Habsburgs as new holders of the crown of Hungary, after the death of king Ludovic II during the 1526 battle with the Turks from Mohács. As a humanist and a scholar, Olahus maintained a vast correspondence with the intellect of the age, gaining the goodwill and recognition of Erasmus of Rotterdam. His most important works "Hungaria" and "Attila", apparently drawn up during his stay in Holland, provide precious information on the topography and history of Hungary and of Transylvania in particular. The most important editions of the Romanian humanist are: -"Breviarium secundum usum Almae et Metropolinae ecclesiae Strigonensis", Vienna, 1558; -"Hungaria sive by originibus gentis, regionis, situ, divisionis, habitu atque opportunitatibus", 1536, see in Mathias Bel, "Adparatus ad Historiam Hungariae", Pojon, 1735, p. 1-41; - "Attila sive by rebus bello paceque ab suo gestis", see in Antonii Bonfinii, Historiae Pannonicae, Frankfurt, 1581; - "Compendium suae aetatis chronicon", see in Adparatus ad Historiam Hungariae, p. 38-41. This copy has 6 sheets + 258 pages. We note that the title page is preserved in the form of a copy. The book binding is made of cardboard. On the first cover, inside, and on the linear pages from the start and from the end, there are brief notations in Latin and in German, among which we note an excerpt from Seneca and a brief description of the Buda Library. This edition contains: on the title page, the following text: „Nicolai Olahi metropolitae Strigoniensis Hungaria et Atila sive de originibus gentis, regni Hungariae situ, habitu, opportunitatibus et rebus bello paceque ab Atila gestis libri duo nunc primum ex codice Caesareo Olahi manu emendato coniunctim editi. Vindobonae, MDCCLXIII. Typis Ioannis Thomae Trattner Caes. Reg. Aulae Typogr. et Bibliop". The preface belongs to the editor, namely the learned scholar Adam Fr. Kollar. Within its contents, we highlight chapter XII, regarding Trans-Tibiscana, chapter XIII on Moldova, chapter XIV and XV on Transylvania, in which he upholds, among other things, the idea of the Romanians’ latinity.

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width 13 cm, height 19 cm

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